Low flows in rivers as a result of drought conditions often lead to low oxygen levels and increased concentrations of pollutants. Fish and their habitats are particularly vulnerable. Low water levels can expose the depressions in river gravels where some fish lay their eggs. Wading birds cannot feed if the ground is dry and hard. They are also left vulnerable to predation where water bodies are dry and vegetation is not growing as it should.
Water for the environment helps to restore a more natural flow regime to rivers, creeks and wetlands. The construction of dams and weirs has provided a more reliable source of water for people but disrupted the natural flow cycle needed for healthy rivers and wetlands. Growing demand for river water has also seen an overall reduction in the amount of water available to support these floodplain habitats.
Water for the environment is used to target specific outcomes for plants or animals by providing the right amount of water at the right time for them to feed, breed and grow. It is a critical tool to support the health of rivers and wetlands and in doing so support the communities that rely on them.
Recreational fishing, tourism, agriculture, industry and public health all benefit from robust and productive river systems. Wetlands are the kidneys of the waterways. Aquatic plants help to filter water as it moves through the system, slowing flows and performing an important nutrient cycling function.
These plants flower and set seed during watering events, providing food and shelter for a range of insects, frogs, reptiles and mammals. Wetlands are also a magnet for migratory waterbirds, some of which travel thousands of kilometres to feed and/or breed during times of inundation. Water for the environment is vital to help maintain a healthy, productive and resilient river system for the benefit of plants, animals and people.
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